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What is the History of Stain Removers?

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When your kid asks the question ‘what is the history of stain removers’, you do not really have to fumble for words. Here is an overview of use of different natural materials, soap and detergents for stain removal purposes.

The first of all stain removers is plain water. People find it is easy to wash away mud at a stream or a river.

The history of cleaning agents runs back to ancient Babylonian culture. Soap like materials were evacuated from ancient Babylonian remains. The 4500-5000 year old remains also have detailed description of making such materials. It is however not clear whether they used the fat and ash mixed material for cleaning purposes.

Egyptian, Romans, Japanese, Greek and Chinese cultures of the ancient times paid attention to cleanliness and used different materials for cleaning purposes.

Chinese used the fruit of soap-nut tree (Sapindus Mukorossi) for cleaning soft silk clothes. The nut yielded a soap-like material, which thoroughly cleans the silk and is soft on the fabric.

Soap making started in Europe in the seventh century. Soap making in Europe was mostly a family tradition and people kept the technique of soap making a secret. They used animal fat and plant oils to make soap. They also knew the technique of adding perfumes to the soap for fragrance. The soaps were used for bathing and laundry purposes. Italy, Spain and France were the leaders in soap making.

Large scale soap manufacturing began in 1791, with the invention of a process of making soda ash from common salt by a French scientist Nicholas Leblanc. Several advancements came to Leblanc method of soap. The cost and time for making soda ash became lower.

German scientists developed a method of making cleaning agents without plant oil or animal fat. This chemically synthesized material is called detergent. This is harsher than soap (that produced from fat and oil). This happened in 1916, when the availability of fat and oils was scarce.

Utilization of enzymes for detergent manufacturing was a breakthrough in detergent manufacturing. A no enzyme content detergents too are available today, but the biggest thrust is on enzyme added detergents. There is however different environmental problems associated with use of enzymes in detergents.

Further researches produced higher quality detergents at lower costs. Detergents eventually went on to surpass soap as the preferred cleaning agent.

Later researches on cleaning products were concentrated on safety of the users and environment, ease of use and lower production costs. Detergents and soaps are available as cakes, powder and in liquid form. Detergents that mix well in saline water are also readily available in the market.

That is the history of stain removers, which started off as a mixture of fat and ash or plant products, which, with advancement in research facilities has grown to such high proportions that everyone today can afford to have a stain remover of his or her choice. Read more Carpet Cleaning Tips from a Professional Carpet Cleaner.

Making Soda and Carbonated Water at Home

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Benefits of Making Carbonated Water/Soda At Home

A long time ago, Joseph Priestly infused carbon dioxide in water and invented the fizzy drink we’ve all come to love: carbonated water or soda.

It is not only good to taste, but also quenches your thirst. Soda is also good for making ‘hard drinks’, and is a very convenient drink to have at home for unexpected guests.

Carbonated water, whether plain or fortified with minerals, is easily available in the market. You will also find several carbonated beverages including flavored soda pop, diet soda and club soda. You can also make soda at home with a home soda maker.

Many people love to do things by themselves. They love to grind their own beans, make syrups at home and even make their own espresso. Making soda at home with a soda machine is easy and a far cheaper option.

You will find several gadgets in the market for making soda. To make seltzer water, you need only two things:
– A soda siphon or a seltzer bottle. It looks like a thermos bottle with a built-in spray mechanism and holds regular water.
– Chargers. Soda chargers are basically small metal containers with pressurized carbon dioxide in them. Soda chargers come with either screw-in or snap-on varieties. The type you need depends on the seltzer water bottle that you have.

You can also choose to carbonate water with improvised equipment and soda fountains. This involves getting the carbon dioxide gas supply from a tank through a regulator. It actually translates into getting carbonated water from a tap.

Though the pressure of the gas plays an important role, it is better to pre-chill water, because the solubility of carbon dioxide increases if the temperature of the water is low.

Benefits of Making Carbonated Water at Home

– The biggest benefit of making soda at home with a soda machine is that you get carbonated water at a fraction of the price of bottled soda.
– Commercial bottled soda loses its fizz once you open it. Making it at home allows you to make as much carbonated water as you need.
– You can use a soda machine to make soda pop at home.
– Making soda with soda makers is more hygienic.
– You can also use your soda machine for making healthy soda drinks at home. Add a splash of any fruit that you like, or twist a lemon into it.
– Making soda at home is also good for the environment. All those plastic bottles that you throw away are not recycled. Most end up in landfills where it takes thousands of years to decompose.
– You also save a lot of water in the process. A lot of water is wasted in the purification process- almost two gallons for every gallon of water that is actually bottled. It is a reality that too much water extraction has led to water shortages near bottling plants.

Nearly 1.5 million tons of plastic is used in plants that supply 89 billion liters of aerated drinks each year. When you are making soda at home, you are not only saving yourself the trouble of lugging 2 liter bottles every time you need carbonated water, but you are also doing your own bit for saving this planet and making it a better place to live in.

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Source by Dr. Steve Wander

“Say Goodbye to physical and virtual Debit Cards: SendSpend’s Revolutionising Mobile Payment System Bridges the Digital Payment Gap between banked and unbanked

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Today, we are excited to unveil SendSpend, an innovative electronic payment system that revolutionizes the way customers make payments for goods and services. By eliminating the need for traditional credit cards or debit cards, SendSpend offers a simple, secure, and accessible payment solution for businesses and customers worldwide.

With its user-friendly payment gateway API or Plug-In, SendSpend makes it easy for businesses to install the system and enable customers without credit cards, debit/cheque cards, or traditional bank accounts to make purchases. Whether you have an online shop, app, or in-store point of sale, SendSpend has you covered.

Merchants stand to benefit greatly from SendSpend’s features. With simple charges, including fixed, low transaction fees, and no hidden costs such as minimum transaction fees, monthly fees, denied transaction fees, refund fees, or pre-authorization charges, SendSpend ensures transparency and affordability for businesses. Furthermore, merchants can enjoy the convenience of highly secure transactions with a two-stage authentication process, requiring customers to enter a PIN and One-Time Password (OTP).

One of the key benefits of SendSpend is its ability to allow customers to make digital purchases using cash, opening up a vast untapped market of approximately 1.4 billion unbanked individuals globally, bridging the gap between digital transactions and cash payments and enabling businesses to reach and serve a whole new customer base. Customers with a bank account can also pay using SendSpend by transferring funds into their SendSpend Pre-Paid Wallets before making the payment.

Signing up for SendSpend is quick and easy. E-merchants can obtain the payment API or plug-in for their shop by contacting merchants@sendspend.com or completing the online form at www.sendspend.com .With straightforward terms and conditions, integrating SendSpend into existing payment systems has never been more convenient.

SendSpend offers multiple payment methods to cater to different needs. For online payments, customers can use the Pay Now Button at the merchant’s checkout. By entering their SendSpend registered mobile number and authorizing the payment on the SendSpend App with their PIN and OTP, customers can make secure online purchases without the need for a bank account or disclosing their card details. This method can even replace the traditional Cash on Delivery (COD) payment system seen in emerging markets.

SendSpend’s E-Wallet comes in two flavours – Business (for Sole Proprietors) and Personal (for consumers) and can be used by merchants to request instant or real time person-to-person payments (known as Instant Pay) from customers by entering the customer’s phone number into their e-wallet if the customer is not physically present and requesting payment. Customers receive a payment request with the merchant’s name and photo which they authorise by entering their PIN, ensuring a safe and convenient transaction.

QR Code functionality is also available for merchants using SendSpend’s E-Wallet where they can generate a QR code for the payment amount, which customers in their store can scan and authorize by entering their PIN. This streamlined process adds convenience to the payment experience.

For larger multi-store merchants, the Point-of-Sale feature integrates the payment request function into the checkout counter and payment can be made either by scanning a QR Code or by Instant Pay

Additionally, SendSpend’s e-wallet has a number of integrated products to purchase making shopping convenient by not having to leave the e-wallet. These Pre-Paid Vouchers, allow customers to purchase pre-loaded products such as mobile airtime, data, electricity, and gift cards within the SendSpend App. By authorizing the transaction with their PIN, customers can conveniently top up their mobile airtime or purchase an amazon gift card to shop online or send to a friend.

SendSpend goes beyond local transactions with its multi-currency platform. It provides full currency conversion and foreign remittance functionality, enabling users to remit funds to each other across the globe instantly. Customers can also pay in one currency while merchants request payment in another, with SendSpend handling the currency conversion transparently.

In conclusion, SendSpend is transforming the payment landscape with its new, fast, secure, and cost-effective approach to secure payments for products and services. By bridging the gap between cash payments and digital transactions, SendSpend empowers businesses to reach new markets and enables customers without traditional bank accounts to make seamless purchases.

To learn more about SendSpend, visit www.sendspend.com and watch the video or download the SendSpend customer app at https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sendspend.ss

About SendSpend:

SendSpend is a leading London-based fintech company promoting financial inclusion through its mobile-only, interoperable Alternative Payment System. The SendSpend Mobile Payment System links businesses and individuals around the world, and comprises a multi-currency banking ledger and digital e-wallet, a payment gateway, an agency banking app, and a set of corporate APIs enabling digital mobile payments, migrant remittances, and cross-border e-commerce, all without the need for a bank account or payment card. Additionally, the system serves as an alternative to SWIFT for international payments. The company is registered as an Electronic Money Institution (EMI) in the UK and holds a license from the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). For further information, please visit www.sendspend.com

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Yin and Yang Aromatherapy – Using Lavender and Peppermint Essential Oils at Home

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Aromatherapy is the use of essential oils for physical and emotional well being. They are comprised of naturally occurring chemicals that work in synergy with one another. Unlike prescription drugs, the healing properties of essential oils date back thousands of years.

Two of the most versatile essential oils are lavender and peppermint. Think of these two oils as yin and yang. Lavender is warm and relaxing, while peppermint is cool and invigorating.

Each morning, add eight to ten drops of peppermint essential oil to a fragrance burner filled with water to help wake you up. Peppermint is also helpful for fighting the afternoon blahs and has a natural cooling effect. Put a drop or two on a cotton ball, close your eyes and inhale deeply. If you are prone to headaches, mix one-eighth cup carrier oil, such as sweet almond or extra virgin olive oil to 12 drops peppermint and massage your temples, neck, and forehead.

In the evening, add nine drops of lavender to your bathwater, dim the lights and take several deep breaths to help you relax. Try a few drops directly on your pillowcase or on a cotton ball if you have a difficult time getting to sleep. Lavender can help balance your emotions, relieve stress and aid in lowering blood pressure. It is beneficial for the skin and can be used for blemishes, scrapes, sunburn, and rashes. Add a drop or two to a wet cotton ball and apply to the affected area.

One of the simplest ways to use lavender or peppermint is to make your own body lotion. Purchase a high quality, unscented lotion and add thirty to forty drops of either oil or a combination of the two oils.

Essential oils are naturally antibacterial and antiviral and are effective for treating colds and flu. Fill a bowl with water, heat carefully, then add a few drops of lavender and peppermint. Put a towel over your head, close your eyes and inhale. When the water cools, take a washcloth and use as a compress to cover your forehead. This helps relieve headaches and sinus pressure.

Replace your room fresheners and their inherent chemicals and ozone depleting propellants. Add several drops of lavender or peppermint essential oil to a spray bottle filled with distilled water and gently shake before misting your room. Use lavender as a linen mist and peppermint on your counters and floorboards to deter household pests.

Did you know there are approximately 70,000 synthetic chemicals now used in commercial products? What health consequences do these chemicals pose with daily exposure? Use essential oils as an alternative to these products for everyday health and well being. A few words of caution – with the exception of lavender and tea tree, essential oils should never be applied undiluted, directly to your skin. Handle with care and feel good that you are helping yourself, your family, and your environment.

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Source by Christine Badali

Soft Drink Alert: Dangers of Benzene

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Losing weight is a real major health concern for at least two-thirds of the American population. Many adults and children drink themselves into being overweight or obesity. Beyond those nutritionally empty calories that soft drinks have and the number one source of calories in a typical American diet, a long known about threat in soft drinks, benzene, has health officials concerned again.

Benzene is a known human carcinogen (cancer causing agent) that has been linked to leukemia. It can form in soft drinks that contain both vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and either or, sodium benzoate, or potassium benzoate. Many soft drinks use sodium benzoate to stop bacteria growth and spoilage. Vitamin C can be present because the manufacturer added it or it can occur naturally from fruit concentrates used in the beverage. Soft drink manufacturers do not add benzene to the drinks directly, rather the compound is formed by a reaction to (ascorbic acid) and the preservatives that are added to the drink, in the presence of heat and light.

Believe it or not the FDA has known about this carcinogen threat for over fifteen years, and let the soft drink industry to voluntarily police themselves on how to best lower the benzene levels in their soft drinks. Presently the FDA is still hiding benzene data that they feel would be “confusing” to the consumers of soft drinks. I wonder if they think people will be “confused” as to why the FDA did not blow the whistle on this threat a decade and a half ago?

Because children may be especially sensitive to benzene, as their bone marrow cells are highly active, all soft drinks should be eliminated in schools immediately until they can be proven safe and free of all their harmful effects.

Being overweight or obese is just the first stage for many, of life long battles with so many other related ill health issues. Drinking yourself into a state of disease is a physical choice that you can have control over! If you are a parent, you can be the most important role model for your children. Surveys have found that parents are more of an influence on how their children eat and drink, than their peers.

While making the decision to eat more healthier foods is a wonderful thing, people are seriously underestimating the most powerful disease control weapon in their diet is in choosing more wisely on what to drink, and what to avoid.

Your body substance is made up mostly of 75% water. As a safe thirst quencher, water is hard to beat! Shelf-stable juices and single serve milks can be added as some healthy alternatives to break up the daily routine of consuming water. Try adding a squirt of real lemon or lime juice to water for an added citrus flavor.

From my perspective one of the most important and easiest changes you can make to improve your health, is to eliminate soft drinks from your daily diet. While an occasional soda is not going to harm anyone, daily consumption of them is simply a disease just waiting to happen.

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Source by Brenda Skidmore